Influence factors of financial toxicity and coping strategies among cancer patients: a systematic review / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To systematically review the prevalence, influencing factors of financial toxicity and coping strategies in cancer patients.Methods:The studies on financial toxicity among cancer patients were searched in PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL, WangFang Data, CNKI, Sinomed, VIP from inception to June 2022. Stata14.0 software was used to analyze the prevalence of financial toxicity and coping strategies with a single group meta-analysis. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors.Results:A total of 25 papers including 2 939 cancer patients were included. Meta-analysis results showed that the prevalence of financial toxicity in cancer patients was 47% (95% CI 39%-55%). The influencing factors of financial toxicity included sociodemographic factors, disease related factors, medical insurance related factors and psychological factors. Conclusions:The high incidence of financial toxicity in cancer patients is associated with a variety of factors. Health care professionals should pay attention to early screening of cancer patients, dynamically collect relevant data such as patient expenditure items, continuously assess patients' economic status, and make relevant preventive efforts.

Investigation of the frequency of take out meal consumption, overweight, and obesity among college students in Shanxi Province / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#This study investigated the factors influencing, take out meal consumption among college students in Shanxi Province and explored the relationship between the frequency of take out meal consumption and BMI.@*Methods@#A total of 1 631 college students from five universities in Shanxi Province were studied by means of a questionnaire and multi stage random sampling. Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing college students take out meal consumption. The factors influencing overweight and obesity among college students were analyzed with binary Logistic regression.@*Results@#A total of 1 456 college students had some takeout meal consumption. Gender average monthly cost of living, grade, and major were the factors influencing the frequency of college students take out meal consumption( χ 2=72.26, 242.89, 351.52, 222.35, P <0.01). The overall overweight and obesity rate among the college students were 12.3%, 19.2% in male students, and 6.6% in female students. After controlling for gender, binary Logistic regression showed that monthly cost of living, grade, major, and permanent residence influenced the frequency of college students weekly consumption of out of home meals, and this led to a higher the rate of overweight and obesity( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Take out meal consumption is relatively common among college students, and controlling its frequency could help to reduce the occurrence of overweight and obesity.

Occurrence regularity of Dendrobium catenatum southern blight disease / 中国中药杂志

In order to scientifically prevent and control Dendrobium catenatum southern blight disease,the main factors related to this disease occurrence,the pathogen( Sclerotium delphinii),environmental factors( temperature and humidity) and D. catenatum germplasms,were investigated. The results showed that reaching 25-30 ℃ temperature and over 95% humidity simultaneously should be the main conditions for the occurrence and prevalence of D. catenatum southern blight disease. Moreover,the S. delphinii-infected plants and their contaminated substrates were the disease spreading sources. Therefore,removing the infected plants,dealing with the contaminated substrates,keeping air ventilation,and reducing air humidity are the effective ways to prevent and control the occurrence and prevalence of D. catenatum southern blight disease. The research also indicated that D. catenatum has different resistances to the southern blight disease depending on germplasm. The present study lays important foundations for the breeding of D. catenatum diseaseresistant varieties and the further analysis of the infection and resistance mechanisms underlying southern blight disease.

Changes in antimicrobial susceptibility of commonly clinically significant isolates before and after the interventions on surgical prophylactic antibiotics (SPAs) in Shanghai

Abstract Surveillances and interventions on antibiotics use have been suggested to improve serious drug-resistance worldwide. Since 2007, our hospital have proposed many measures for regulating surgical prophylactic antibiotics (carbapenems, third gen. cephalosporins, vancomycin, etc.) prescribing practices, like formulary restriction or replacement for surgical prophylactic antibiotics and timely feedback. To assess the impacts on drug-resistance after interventions, we enrolled infected patients in 2006 (pre-intervention period) and 2014 (post-intervention period) in a tertiary hospital in Shanghai. Proportions of targeted pathogens were analyzed: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. (VRE), imipenem-resistant Escherichia coli (IREC), imipenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (IRKP), imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (IRAB) and imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (IRPA) isolates. Rates of them were estimated and compared between Surgical Department, ICU and Internal Department during two periods. The total proportions of targeted isolates in Surgical Department (62.44%, 2006; 64.09%, 2014) were more than those in ICU (46.13%, 2006; 50.99%, 2014) and in Internal Department (44.54%, 2006; 51.20%, 2014). Only MRSA has decreased significantly (80.48%, 2006; 55.97%, 2014) (p < 0.0001). The percentages of VRE and IREC in 3 departments were all <15%, and the slightest change were also both observed in Surgical Department (VRE: 0.76%, 2006; 2.03%, 2014) (IREC: 2.69%, 2006; 2.63%, 2014). The interventions on surgical prophylactic antibiotics can be effective for improving resistance; antimicrobial stewardship must be combined with infection control practices.

27G vitrectomy with proliferative membrane cutting in situ for late PDR / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

·AIM:To discuss the clinical efficacy of 27-gauge (27G) vitrectomy with proliferative membrane cutting in situ for late proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). ·METHODS: Collecting 10 cases (15 eyes) with late PDR from January 2017 to August 2017 which underwent 27G microincision vitrectomy with cutting proliferative membrane in situ, we observed the rate of intraoperative iatrogenic retinal hole ( IRH ), the rate of silicone oil tamponade, the best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA) and intraocular pressure (IOP) before and after operation. ·RESULTS: IRH occurred in 4 eyes (27%, 4/15); Silicone oil was tamponaded in 6 eyes (40%, 6/15); BCVA was improved in 13 eyes and only 2 eyes unchanged 3mo after operation. The best visual acuity (VA) was 0. 6. There was significant difference on BCVA between preoperative and postoperative 7d(P<0. 05). The same was found between preoperative and postoperative 1mo, even 3mo(P<0. 05). The average preoperative IOP was 16. 95 ± 6. 87mmHg and postoperative 3mo was 15. 27 ± 4. 57mmHg. There was no significant difference between them (P>0. 05). · CONCLUSION: The 27G vitrectomy with cutting proliferative membrane in situ method is markedly superior in the treatment of late PDR, and the curative effect is specific. It can be given preference to late PDR.

Inhibition of HBV Replication by Delivering the Dual-gene Expression Vector pHsa-miR16-siRNA in HepG2.2.15 Cells / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

This study aimed to construct the dual-gene expression vector pHsa-miR16-siRNA which can express human miR-16 and HBV X siRNA,and examine its regulatory effect on HBV gene expression in the HepG2.2.15 cell line.The expression vectors siR-1583 and pHsa-miR16-siRNA were designed and constructed.HepG2.2.15 cells were transfected with the empty vector,siR-1583,pmiR-16 and pHsa-miR16-siRNA,respectively.ELISA was performed to measure the expression of HBsAg and HBeAg in the culture supematant 48 and72 h post transfection.Fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to measure the HBV mRNA degradation efficiency and HBV DNA copy number.The results showed that the expression of HBV genes was significantly inhibited in HepG2.2.15 cells transfected with siR-1583,pmiR-16 and pHsa-miR16-siRNA,respectively,when compared with that in cells transfected with the empty vectors,with the inhibitory effect of pHsa-miR16-siRNA being the most significant.ELISA showed that the inhibitory rates of HBsAg and HBeAg in pHsa-miR16-siRNA transfected cells were correspondingly 87.3％ and 85.0％ at 48 h,and 88.6％ and 86.5％ at 72 h post transfection (P＜0.01vs.control group).RT-PCR showed that the level of HBV mRNA decreased by 80.2％ (t=-99.22,P＜0.01),the genomic HBV DNA by 92.8％ (t=-73.06,P＜0.01),and the supernatant of HBV DNA copy number by 89.8％ (t=-47.13,P＜0.01) in pHsa-miR16-siRNA transfected group.It was suggested that the dual-gene expression vector pHsa-miR16-siRNA can inhibit the replication of HBV more efficiently than a single-gene expression vector.

Scanning electron microscope analysis of the root dentin bonding interface filled with different pastes or bonded by different program in fiber post and resin bonded repair / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the influence of different bonding process and three different root canal sealing materials on microstructure of root canal dentin bonding interface after fiber post and resin bonding, so as to improve clinical operation steps and to optimize fiber post resin bonding effect.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifteen human single mandibular first premolars were selected. Three were bonded with fiber posts through Relyx Unicem conventional bonding steps after filled with root canal sealing materials of zinc oxide eugenol paste (Group A), and another three were bonded through the same steps after filled with sealing materials of Vitapex (Group B). The other nine were filled with sealing materials of AH Plus, randomly divided into three groups and bonded through different steps as follows: conventional bonding steps only (Group C), etching with 35% phosphoric acid before conventional bonding steps (Group D), and etching and coating with Singlebond 2 adhesive before conventional bonding steps (Group E). After immersed in saline solution for one week, all the roots were cut into three sections of 3 mm in thickness with emery chip and numbered as crown section, middle section and tip section respectively. The samples were observed the resin protrusion in mixed layer of dentin interface and dentinal tubules by scanning electron microscopy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>We observed the resin protrusion in microstructures of the roots bonded through Relyx Unicem after filled with three different root canal sealing materials (Group A, B, C, E): most obvious in the root crown sections, middle in the root middle sections and least in the root tip sections. Differences were observed in roots filled with different sealing materials: little resin protrusion were observed in crown sections only in Group A and B, but large number of resin protrusion were found in crown and middle sections in Group C-E. Compared with Group C, no more resin protrusion were found in Group D. More and elongated resin protrusions were found in Group E.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>We recommend using AH Plus as root canal sealing materials for residual crown and root needed to strengthen by fiber post. It is no need to etch before Relyx Unicem conventional bonding steps. However, coating Singlebond 2 adhesive after acid etching has the potential to increase fiber post cementation.</p>

Endotoxin deactivation in artificial glass root canals with ultrasonic treatment / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the deactivation of the endotoxin in artificial glass root canals with ultrasonic vibration.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>80 artificial glass root canals were randomly divided into 8 groups: Ultrasonic vibration of 5 minutes, 7 minutes, 10 minutes, ultrasonic vibration of 5 minutes together with 3% H2O2 solution, only 3% H2O2 solution, ultrasonic vibration of 5 minutes together with 5.25% NaClO solution, only 5.25% NaClO solution and the control. Standard endotoxin solution was introduced into each root canal. Different time's ultrasonic vibration was applied to different groups. After ultrasonic vibration, the endotoxin activity of each group was tested by kinetic turbidimetric limulus test.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>There were no significant differences among the groups of different time ultrasonic vibration and the control (P>0.05). There was great statistical difference between each group with root canal rinse solution and the control (P<0.001). The endotoxin activity of the test was significantly lower than the control. There was no significant difference between the groups of only rinse solution and rinse solution together with ultrasonic vibration.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Under the condition of this study, the only ultrasonic vibration can not deactivate the endotoxin of infected root canals and can not intensify the effect of root canal rinse solution.</p>

Dynamics of peripheral blood B lymphocytes and natural killer cells in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the dynamics of peripheral blood B lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The absolute numbers of peripheral blood B lymphocytes and NK cells in 602 serial samples from 240 patients with SARS were counted, using flow cytometry, and compared with that of normal population.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The absolute numbers of peripheral blood B lymphocytes and NK cells in SARS patients were significantly lower than that of the normal population (P < 0.001) and were much lower in SARS patients with severe or extremely severe types, as compared with that of moderate or mild type cases (P < 0.001). The amount of B lymphocytes in recovery SARS patients increased at the 2nd week after onset, and gradually becoming normal at the 5th week of the disease onset. The number of NK cells was in the low level at onset, and keep decreasing at the 2nd week. However, it was increasing with the recovery of the disease, but did not reach to normal level at the 5th week after onset.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The absolute numbers of peripheral blood B lymphocytes and NK cells were associated with the severity of the disease, and detection of these two kinds of cells was useful for predicting the prognosis of SARS.</p>

Rapid detection of genotypes of TT virus using a heteroduplex mobility assay / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a simple, sensitive, specific and less-costly method for detecting genotypes of TT virus (TTV).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>TTV DNA was tested by nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) in sera from 180 patients with different types of viral hepatitis and 96 normal individuals in Beijing. TTV genotypes were determined in 40 sera collected from TTV DNA positive patients by heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA) and through sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive rates of TTV DNA in viral hepatitis patients and normal individuals were 22.2% (40/180) and 19.8% (19/96), respectively (chi(2) = 0.220, P = 0.639). TTV DNA positive rates of patients with hepatitis A, B, C, E and non-A to E were 20.0% (6/30), 16.7% (5/30), 23.3% (7/30), 36.7% (11/30) and 18.3% (11/60), respectively. Of 40 TTV DNA positive patients, 20 (50.0%) were TTV G1, 7 (17.5%) TTV G2, 10 (25.0%) coinfected with different genotypes of TTV, and 3 untyped by HMA. Twenty G1 and 7 G2 detected by HMA were confirmed by sequence analysis. Of 10 patients coinfected with different genotypes of TTV, 5 were G1 and G2, 2 G1 and G3, 1 G1 and G4, 1 G1 and G3, and 1 with G1, G2 and G3 coinfections.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HMA was recognized as simple, sensitive, specific and less-costly, thus could be used for genotyping of TTV.</p>